法國推第六代「未來戰機」計畫　目標2032年首飛

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法國與德國原先共同推動的「未來空戰系統」（FCAS）計畫陷入破局後，法國決定另闢研發路線，獨立推動第六代「未來戰機」（Avion de Combat Futur, ACF）計畫。法國國防部規劃於2027年編列首筆研發預算，2029年開始建造首架概念驗證機，目標於2032年首飛，並於2040年代初期投入服役，銜接法國空軍未來的主力戰機需求。

FCAS合作生變　法國規劃獨立研發新戰機

FCAS Partnership Falters as France Plans Independent Fighter Development

法國國防部長沃特蘭於8日接受國會質詢時，說明FCAS計畫於6月取消後的替代方案，並確認法國將延續原有作戰需求與技術基礎，獨力推進ACF計畫。依據目前規劃，法國將於2027年國防預算中編列27.4億歐元，約新臺幣986.3億元，啟動研發與設計工作，並於2029年展開首架概念驗證機的建造。

During parliamentary questioning on the 8th, French Defense Minister Vautrin outlined alternatives following the cancellation of the FCAS program in June, confirming that France would pursue the ACF independently while retaining its existing operational requirements and technological foundations. Under the current plan, the 2027 defense budget would allocate €2.74 billion, approximately NT$98.63 billion, for development and design, with construction of the first demonstrator scheduled to begin in 2029.

ACF預計於2032年首飛，並以2040年代初期服役為目標，接替法國現役戰機在未來作戰體系中的部分任務。新計畫也將考驗法國在高階戰機設計、航電系統整合與國防產業供應鏈方面的獨立研發能力。

The ACF is expected to make its first flight in 2032, with entry into service targeted for the early 2040s. The aircraft is intended to take over missions currently performed by France’s existing combat aircraft as the future force structure evolves. The program will also test France’s ability to independently develop advanced fighter designs, integrate avionics systems, and sustain a domestic defense-industrial supply chain.

飆風F5接續戰力　導入AI、雷達與新型武器

Rafale F5 to Bridge the Capability Gap with AI, Advanced Radar and New Weapons

在ACF正式服役前，法國將透過「飆風」（Rafale）F5構型延續空戰與打擊能力。法國國防部規劃於今年12月與達梭航空（Dassault Aviation）簽約，啟動F5型的量產計畫。相關升級項目包括導入人工智慧（AI）、改良主動電子掃描陣列（AESA）雷達、新型發動機，以及先進電子戰與通訊設備。

Before the ACF enters service, France plans to sustain its combat and strike capabilities through the Rafale F5 configuration. The French Ministry of the Armed Forces intends to sign a contract with Dassault Aviation in December to launch F5 production. Planned upgrades include artificial intelligence (AI), an improved active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar, a new engine, and advanced electronic warfare and communications systems.

搭配新一代空射武器後，飆風F5將持續承擔制空、對地打擊與核嚇阻等任務，作為法國空軍邁向下一代戰機的重要過渡平台。

With next-generation air-launched weapons, the Rafale F5 is expected to continue performing air superiority, ground-attack and nuclear deterrence missions, serving as a key transitional platform as France moves toward its next-generation fighter.

發展戰鬥無人機　打造有人機與無人僚機協同作戰

Combat Drones to Support Crewed-Uncrewed Teaming

除戰機本身的升級外，法國也將加速研發新型戰鬥無人機，規劃作為飆風F5的「忠誠僚機」，與有人駕駛戰機協同執行任務。預期任務涵蓋偵察、電子戰壓制與打擊，可藉由有人機與無人載具分工，擴展任務彈性並提升作戰運用選項。

Alongside fighter upgrades, France plans to accelerate development of a new combat drone intended to serve as a “loyal wingman” for the Rafale F5. The uncrewed aircraft is expected to operate alongside crewed fighters on reconnaissance, electronic warfare suppression and strike missions, expanding operational flexibility through coordinated crewed-uncrewed teaming.

這項布局將使法國未來空戰發展不僅著重新一代有人戰機，也同步推進無人作戰平台與協同作戰能力，為高威脅環境下的空中任務提供更多配置方式。

This approach indicates that France’s future air combat strategy will extend beyond a new crewed fighter to include uncrewed combat platforms and collaborative operations, providing additional options for missions in high-threat environments.

航太軍規劃擴編　增設無人機與飛彈防禦中隊

French Air and Space Force Plans Fleet Expansion and New Specialized Squadrons

法國《回聲報》（Les Échos）指出，法國航太軍目前約有170架主力戰機，規劃於2035年將規模提升至230架。此外，法軍已著手規劃在法國西南部卡佐（Cazaux）基地成立兩個新中隊，分別負責偵察與戰鬥無人機操作，以及監控高空威脅與執行飛彈防禦相關任務。

According to French newspaper Les Échos, the French Air and Space Force currently operates approximately 170 frontline combat aircraft and plans to increase that number to 230 by 2035. The service is also planning to establish two new squadrons at Cazaux Air Base in southwestern France. One would specialize in reconnaissance and combat drone operations, while the other would focus on monitoring high-altitude threats and supporting missile defense missions.

從ACF獨立研發、飆風F5升級，到戰鬥無人機與專責中隊的規劃，法國正同步推進長期戰機換代與近期戰力強化。未來各項計畫的實際進度與交付時程，將影響法國能否順利銜接新一代空戰能力，並維持空中防衛、遠程打擊及核嚇阻等任務需求。

From independent ACF development and Rafale F5 upgrades to combat drones and specialized squadrons, France is pursuing both long-term fighter replacement and near-term capability improvements. The implementation schedules and delivery timelines of these programs will shape how effectively France transitions to next-generation air combat capabilities while sustaining air defense, long-range strike and nuclear deterrence missions.