印度航艦首度測試法製「飆風M」戰機　驗證滑跳起飛與攔阻降落能力

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 法國海軍「飆風M」在印度自製航艦維克蘭特號完成起降測試（圖片取自印度海軍「X」）

法國製「飆風M」（Rafale M）艦載戰機10月29日首度在印度自製航空母艦「維克蘭特號」（INS Vikrant，R11）完成甲板起降測試，成功運用捕捉鉤勾住艦上攔阻索降落，驗證航艦攔阻系統與滑跳甲板的運作能力。這項測試是印度引進新一代艦載戰機的重要里程碑，未來同型機預計自2029年起陸續交付，將擔負艦隊防空及打擊任務。

The French-made Rafale M carrier-based fighter conducted its first flight trials aboard India’s domestically built aircraft carrier INS Vikrant (R11) on October 29. The aircraft successfully engaged the carrier’s arresting wire with its tailhook, validating the operation of the ship’s arresting system and ski-jump deck. The trials mark a major milestone in India’s acquisition of a new generation of carrier-based fighters. Deliveries are scheduled to begin in 2029, with the aircraft expected to undertake fleet air defense and strike missions.

法籍飛官完成攔阻降落　驗證航艦甲板操作能力

French Navy Pilot Completes Arrested Landing to Validate Carrier Operations

本次測試由法國海軍飛行員駕駛「飆風M」戰機執行，成功在「維克蘭特號」甲板完成攔阻降落，為整體測試計畫取得關鍵進展。測試前，印度已先在西南部果阿邦的漢薩海軍基地（INS Hansa），利用「岸上測試設施」（SBTF）進行滑跳起飛（Ski-Jump）驗證，確認戰機能透過滑跳甲板順利升空。

The trial was conducted by a French Navy pilot flying the Rafale M, who successfully completed an arrested landing aboard INS Vikrant, marking a key step in the overall test program. Prior to the carrier trials, India had already conducted ski-jump takeoff tests at the Shore-Based Test Facility (SBTF) at INS Hansa naval air station in Goa, southwestern India, to verify the aircraft’s ability to launch using a ski-jump ramp.

相關測試主要是為確保「飆風M」未來能在印度兩艘航空母艦上運作，包括「維克蘭特號」及另一艘航艦「超日王號」（INS Vikramaditya，R33）。兩艦均採用短場起飛／攔阻降落（STOBAR）設計，透過滑跳甲板協助戰機起飛，再利用攔阻索完成降落，與法國海軍航艦使用的彈射起飛系統有所不同。

The trials are intended to ensure that the Rafale M can operate from both of India’s aircraft carriers: INS Vikrant and INS Vikramaditya (R33). Both vessels use the Short Take-Off But Arrested Recovery (STOBAR) configuration, in which aircraft launch with assistance from a ski-jump ramp and recover using arresting wires. This differs from the catapult-assisted launch system used aboard French Navy aircraft carriers.

滑跳甲板限制起飛重量　後續將擴大測試項目

Ski-Jump Deck Limits Takeoff Weight, Requiring Further Operational Trials

印度海軍指出，目前測試仍處於計畫初期階段，後續將持續擴大驗證範圍。相較於法國航艦配備蒸氣彈射器，可提供戰機起飛所需的強大加速度，使其能在較高起飛重量下升空，印度航艦採用的滑跳甲板則對戰機起飛重量形成較嚴格限制。

The Indian Navy said the trials remain at an early stage, with further testing planned to expand the range of operational scenarios. Unlike French aircraft carriers, which use steam catapults to generate the acceleration required for takeoff and allow fighters to launch at higher weights, India’s ski-jump configuration imposes stricter limits on aircraft launch weight.

因此，後續測試將評估不同任務型態下的操作條件，包括風力與海況、燃油及彈藥配置，以及航艦本身的後勤支援設施等因素，以確認「飆風M」在實際艦載環境中的起降性能與任務適用性。此外，印度預定於2027年派遣飛行員赴法國受訓，進一步累積艦載戰機操作經驗。

Further evaluations will examine operating conditions under different mission profiles, including wind and sea conditions, fuel and weapons configurations, and the carrier’s logistical support facilities. These factors will help determine the Rafale M’s launch and recovery performance and its suitability for actual carrier operations. India also plans to send pilots to France for training in 2027 to build operational experience with the carrier-based fighter.

印度採購26架飆風M　2029年至2031年陸續交付

India Orders 26 Rafale M Fighters, with Deliveries Scheduled for 2029–2031

印度海軍於2025年4月與法國航太大廠達梭航空（Dassault Aviation）簽署採購合約，訂購26架「飆風M」戰機，其中包括22架單座型及4架雙座型，預定取代服役多年、逐漸老化的俄製MiG-29K艦載戰機，提升航艦航空兵力的整體作戰效能。

In April 2025, the Indian Navy signed a procurement contract with French aerospace manufacturer Dassault Aviation for 26 Rafale M fighters, comprising 22 single-seat aircraft and four twin-seat variants. The new aircraft are intended to replace India’s aging Russian-made MiG-29K carrier-based fighters and strengthen the overall combat capabilities of its carrier air wings.

根據規劃，印度將於2029年至2031年間接收新型戰機，並部署於「維克蘭特號」及「超日王號」兩艘航艦，執行艦隊防空、空中作戰及對地打擊等任務。隨著「飆風M」逐步加入服役，印度海軍將進一步強化航艦航空兵力，提升印度洋及周邊海域的空中作戰與兵力投射能力。

Under the current schedule, India is expected to receive the new fighters between 2029 and 2031. They will be deployed aboard INS Vikrant and INS Vikramaditya to conduct fleet air defense, air combat, and ground-strike missions. As the Rafale M enters service, the Indian Navy will strengthen its carrier air wing and expand its air combat and power-projection capabilities across the Indian Ocean and surrounding waters.

新型艦載戰機加入　印度航艦戰力邁向新階段

New Carrier Fighters to Advance India’s Naval Aviation Capabilities

「飆風M」完成「維克蘭特號」首次甲板測試，代表印度航艦航空兵力現代化計畫取得重要進展。不過，滑跳起飛條件、不同任務負載下的操作限制，以及海上環境對起降作業的影響，仍須透過後續測試逐步確認。待26架新型戰機陸續交付並形成作戰能力後，印度海軍將有望逐步汰換MiG-29K，建立更具彈性與持續作戰能力的新一代航艦航空兵力。