洛馬下注無人艦隊：5000 萬美元打造武裝USV，2026 年海上實彈驗證在望

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以Saildrone研發的大型USV「測量員」（Surveyor）為基礎，打造多功能任務導向的新型無人船(圖片取自Saildrone網站)

洛克希德馬丁宣布注資 5,000 萬美元給美國無人艇業者 Saildrone，雙方將以 Saildrone 的大型 USV「Surveyor（測量員）」為基礎，整合洛馬的武器與作戰系統（包括 JAGM 四聯裝發射器等），開發具偵監、艦隊防護與對海/對陸攻擊能力的武裝無人船，並計畫在 2026 年進行海上實彈射擊展示，開啟商用海洋平台向軍用作戰艇轉型的新階段。

Lockheed Martin will invest $50M in Saildrone to weaponize its large Surveyor USV by integrating Lockheed weapon and combat systems — including JAGM quad-launchers — with live-fire sea trials planned for 2026, marking a push to convert commercial ocean platforms into combat-capable unmanned ships.

洛馬與 Saildrone 的合作，核心是把經年驗證的民用無人船技術，與成熟軍用武器與指管整合，打造能在遠洋或近海執行長時監偵、反艦防護與精準打擊任務的自律或遙控水面戰力。

The partnership aims to marry Saildrone’s proven commercial USV platform with Lockheed’s weapon and combat-management systems to field long-endurance surface nodes capable of maritime ISR, fleet defense and precise strike missions.

技術面重點包括：以 Saildrone 的「Surveyor」大型 USV 為母體，整合 JAGM（聯合空地飛彈）四聯裝發射器、Mk70 貨櫃化發射系統、拖曳陣列聲納與其他感測器套件；首批新艦將於 2026 年在 Austal USA 造船廠開建並進行實彈射擊驗證。

Technically, the program centers on the Surveyor hull integrating Lockheed’s JAGM quad-launchers, Mk70 containerized launchers, towed-array sonar and suite of sensors — with hull construction slated at Austal USA and live-fire testing in 2026.

戰術價值上，武裝化大型 USV 能擔當三大角色：延伸海域覺知（Maritime Domain Awareness）與遠端監偵、作為艦隊近域防護與反艦／反巡防火力節點，以及執行海上與近岸精準打擊任務，對於分散式海上作戰與節點化防衛概念具有高實用性。

Tactically, armed large USVs extend maritime domain awareness, act as local fleet defense and anti-surface strike nodes, and deliver precise offshore/near-shore strike — aligning well with distributed maritime operations and node-based defenses.

在產業與供應鏈面，洛馬的注資意味著大型商用 USV 商業技術加速軍用化，並可能催生在地建造、維修與感測器供應鏈的新商機；Saildrone 與 Austal 的合作亦表明「民用-軍用」跨界生產模式將成為未來海上無人系統的常態。

Industrially, Lockheed’s investment accelerates commercial-to-military USV conversion and may spawn local shipbuilding, sustainment and sensor supply chains — reflecting a growing civil-military production model for maritime autonomy.

但實務挑戰不容小覷：一、將大型 USV 武器化牽涉法律與規範（如武器化商用平台的責任與規範）；二、海上發射與武器整合的可靠性、指管鏈路在電磁或網攻環境下的韌性；三、持久海上部署的維保、能源管理與海象耐久度；最後還有實彈試驗的安全與戰術驗證風險。

Practical hurdles include legal/regulatory issues around weaponizing commercial platforms, weapon integration and C2 resilience under EW/cyber attack, sustainment and power management for long deployments, and safety/validation risks of live-fire maritime trials.

對台灣與印太區域的啟示在於：若此類大型武裝 USV 成為常態，島鏈海域的監偵、反侵擾與海上阻絕戰術將出現新的無人節點，這要求相關國家在 海域態勢感知整合、C-UAS/C-USV 對抗手段、與法規／交戰準則 上提前部署對策。

For Taiwan and the Indo-Pacific, widespread deployment of armed large USVs would add unmanned nodes to littoral surveillance and denial architectures — necessitating investments in maritime sensing integration, C-USV/C-UAS countermeasures, and legal/ROE frameworks.

結語

洛克希德馬丁與 Saildrone 的聯手，代表一條可觀察的趨勢：把已有商用海洋自主平台快速轉化為具攻擊與防護能力的軍用節點，並透過盟國造船與本地化生產加速部署。2026 年的海上實彈驗證將是檢視這套概念能否實用化、可維運與可受控的關鍵時刻。對國防規劃者而言，短期內應把「武裝 USV 的普及化」納入海域防護與遠洋作戰的戰力盤點與對抗策略中。

Lockheed’s venture into weaponizing Saildrone platforms signals a broader move to convert commercial autonomous maritime craft into combat-capable nodes, with 2026 live-fire tests set to validate operational viability. Defense planners should account for the rising prevalence of armed USVs in maritime security and countermeasure planning.