美空軍或重啟ARRW高超音速飛彈計畫，加速應對中俄威脅

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(Giancarlo Casem/U.S. Air Force)

美國空軍參謀長大衛·奧爾文上將（Gen. David Allvin）於2025年6月9日國會聽證中表示，空軍規劃在2026財年預算中重啟多年停擺的ARRW（空射快速反應武器，AGM‑183A）計畫，並同步併列高超音速巡航導彈HACM，从原型研發轉向採購期  。

ARRW是由洛克希德·馬丁開發的加速滑翔型高超音速飛彈，曾多次進行試射，但2022-23年因多次失敗遭叫停。然而，空軍已多次試射並收集到正面資料，因此奧爾文強調：「若數據顯示效果可靠，2026年將「進入採購階段」  。

HACM採用超燃衝壓引擎，彈體更小巧、適配戰機使用，已列入2026年研發預算，並計劃於2027年部署。空軍秘書米恩克（Troy Meink）表示，最重要的是讓這類武器足夠便宜並可量產，以達到實戰壓倒性優勢 。

中國與俄羅斯皆投入高超音速武器研發，中國已經實地部署多種型號，俄國則在烏克蘭使用實戰化驗證。美國此時重啟ARRW與HACM，恰逢北京在台海軍事活動頻繁，中方與台灣安全態勢息息相關。此舉也反映美國試圖透過跨領域部署、強化印太、歐洲防禦架構。

🔍 三大觀察重點

1. 重啟ARRW 顯示對地緣競合升級的戰略反應
   ◦ 美軍恢复ARRW採購，是因中國高超音速武力快速擴張，空軍需回補超音速打擊能力。
    
2. HACM與ARRW並進 將整合不同作戰平臺
   ◦ 小型HACM可搭載戰機快速打擊，ARRW部署轟炸機適合長程打擊，強化多樣化戰力。
    

3. 影響台海與印太戰略穩定性
   ◦ 美國強化高超音速計畫意味其可快速支援台灣防禦，同時向北京傳遞競合態勢升級。

    

US Air Force May Revive ARRW Hypersonic Program to Counter China-Russia Threats

 On June 9, 2025, Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. David Allvin informed Congress that the USAF plans to revive its shelved AGM-183A ARRW (Air-Launched Rapid Response Weapon) hypersonic program and shift it into the procurement phase in its FY26 budget proposal, alongside the Hypersonic Attack Cruise Missile (HACM)  .

Developed by Lockheed Martin, ARRW is a boost-glide hypersonic missile that experienced multiple test failures in 2022–23. However, later tests provided promising data, leading Allvin to assert that ARRW could enter procurement in 2026  .

The smaller, fighter-launched HACM with a scramjet engine is scheduled for FY26 R&D funding, aiming for deployment by FY27. Secretary Troy Meink stressed affordability and mass production are critical for strategic impact  .

Both China and Russia have aggressively pursued hypersonic weapon capabilities—China with comprehensive test deployments, and Russia applying them in the Ukraine conflict. The U.S. reactivation of ARRW and HACM comes amid heightened PLA activity around the Taiwan Strait, signaling stronger deterrent measures in Indo-Pacific theaters.

🔍 Three Key Takeaways

1. ARRW Revival Responds to Strategic Rivalry
    

   • U.S. efforts to re-enable ARRW are driven by rapid Chinese hypersonic development.

    

2. Tiered Hypersonic Strike Architecture
    

   • Combination of HACM and ARRW enables versatile strike options across aircraft types.

    

3. Boosting Taiwan Strait Deterrence
    

   • Enhanced hypersonic capabilities send a strong message to Beijing and support Taiwan’s defense posture.