天際新霸主？美首架第六代戰機 F-47 原型開工，衝刺 2028 首飛!

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美國空軍公布第六代戰機F-47的官方概念圖(圖片取自美國空軍網站)

美國空軍在「美國空軍協會年會」放出重磅消息：由波音承建的第六代戰機 F-47 原型機已正式開工，官方目標將在 2028 年完成首次飛行測試，朝取代／超越 F-22 的空戰霸主地位邁進。
At the Air & Space conference, the U.S. Air Force announced a major milestone: Boeing has begun building the F-47 sixth-generation fighter prototype, targeting a first flight in 2028 as part of a push to supplant or outperform the F-22 in air superiority.

一句話說重點：航程遠、速度快、搭配無人僚機（CCA）

美軍透露，F-47 設計旨在提供超遠作戰半徑與高速突防能力，並將成為有人機與 「協同作戰無人機（CCA / Loyal Wingman）」 的中樞節點。空軍參謀長阿爾文上將在發言中強調，F-47 要的不僅是「打一下」，而是能夠決定戰局的壓倒性火力與生存性。
In short: long range, high speed, paired with CCA. The F-47 is designed for extended combat radius and high-speed penetration, acting as the manned hub for Loyal Wingman CCAs. Gen. Allvin stressed that the jet must do more than poke — it must deliver decisive, asymmetric combat power and survivability.

已知規格與採購規模

空軍公開的圖表與說法指出：F-47 作戰半徑 超過 1,000 海里（≈1,852 公里），極速可達 M>2（超過 2 馬赫），並計畫採購 至少 185 架，機隊規模預期與現役 F-22 相當或超越。
Publicly shared figures indicate an operational radius beyond 1,000 nm (~1,852 km), top speed greater than Mach 2, and a planned buy of at least 185 aircraft — a fleet comparable to or larger than today’s F-22 inventory.

為何這對印太與區域安全重要？

F-47 的遠航程與高速突防，將重塑「第一島鏈」及遠洋空域的控制節奏：它能在更遠距離投射火力、拉長敵方早期預警與截擊的反應時間；再者，與大量廉價／專用的無人僚機結合，能放大「有人-無人混合編隊」的火力與生存能力，對區域平衡具有顯著影響。
Strategic impact: F-47’s range and speed could reshape control of the First Island Chain and extended maritime airspace — projecting power farther, stretching adversary detection and intercept timelines. Coupled with massed Loyal Wingmen, it amplifies manned-unmanned mixed force lethality and survivability, altering regional balances.

製造進度與時間表

美空軍表示，自今年初選定波音為主承包後，製造團隊已在聖路易斯工廠迅速展開動工。官員宣稱若一切順利，2028 年可望首飛；後續量產、測評與整合無人僚機的測試，將決定正式列裝時程與數量分配。
Manufacturing & timeline: Since Boeing’s selection earlier this year, production activity has ramped up at the St. Louis facility. Officials remain on track for a 2028 first flight; follow-on testing, production ramp and Loyal Wingman integration will determine final IOC timelines and procurement quantities.

技術不公開的面向

多數細節仍被列為機密：包括雷達/感測器套件、推力鏈與匿蹤技術、熱管理與人機界面等；外界關注點在於其是否採「可換任務艙」或更深度的網路化生態，以及如何確保在電磁干擾下的 C2 韌性。
Classified elements: Radar/sensor suites, propulsion, stealth treatments, thermal management and HMI remain restricted. Observers will watch for modular mission payloads, networked ecosystem design, and resilient C2 under EW conditions.

對台灣與區域國家的直接啟示

1. 戰機世代交替加速：美方若順利量產 F-47，將改寫區域空優算盤，盟友與潛在對手都需重新檢視空防與遠距打擊策略。
   Rapid generational shift — scalable F-47 production would force allies and rivals to reassess air defense and long-range strike postures.

2. 有人／無人協同成趨勢：F-47 與 CCA 的组合凸顯 MUM-T 已非實驗，而是未來空戰核心概念，台灣應加速投入有人無人協同驗證與指管互通標準研發。
   Manned-Unmanned teaming is operationalizing — F-47+CCA shows MUM-T is moving from experiment to doctrine; Taiwan should expedite MUM-T trials and C2 interoperability standards.

3. 長程感偵與攔截壓力：更遠的作戰半徑意味偵蒐、預警與攔截體系需更長鏈、更多層次的佈局與投資。
   Extended range increases ISR and interception demands — longer detection chains and layered investments are required.

總結（Summary）

F-47 的原型開工代表美軍推動第六代戰力的關鍵推進；其遠航程、高速與無人協同概念，將對區域空防與作戰模式造成長期影響。
The F-47 prototype start is a pivotal step in the U.S. sixth-generation push; its range, speed and manned-unmanned teaming concepts will have lasting effects on regional air defense and operational paradigms.

未來應關注的三大面向為：原型測試進度與首次首飛時程、與 CCA 的整合測試結果，以及其量產後對戰力結構的實質改變。
Three watch items: prototype test cadence and first-flight timing, integration results with CCAs, and the operational impact of F-47 mass production on force structure.