眾院推商業備戰工廠網絡，加速對抗中俄軍備擴張

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(Matt Rourke/AP)

美國眾議院於2025年6月12日提出一項名為「商業儲備製造網絡」（Commercial Reserve Manufacturing Network, CRMN）的法案，旨在為五角大廈建立一支可迅速轉型生產武器的高科技民間工廠網絡，並已在2026財年國防預算草案中預留1億3100萬美元 。

該網絡將篩選合格商業廠商，使其能於戰爭爆發時從製造民用產品如電動汽車零件，迅速轉為生產彈藥、炸藥與其他基礎戰備裝備。草案要求國防部在立法簽署後30日內提出首座工廠資格審查計畫。CRMN的構想參考已有的「空軍民間儲備空運隊」（Civil Reserve Air Fleet）、海軍「國家防禦儲備船隊」與太空軍近期成立的「商業增強太空儲備」 。

此提案正值中國與俄羅斯持續擴張高端軍事產業時，美國業界與立法者質疑當前採購系統效率偏低，難以因應突發危機。法案指出，應利用商業AI與增材製造技術（3D列印）強化轉型能力，提升戰時生產速度與品質 。

曾於2023年提出類似方案的前国防創新委員會主席布隆伯格指出，若CRMN於2026年落地，將可建立「可隨需放大的國防生產體系」，改寫美國依賴海外供應鏈的局面  。

🔍 三大觀察重點 

1. 建構戰時備戰民間工廠網
   ◦ CRMN將高科技民企納入緊急生產體系，確保彈藥與裝備生產可迅速轉型。
    
2. 運用 AI、3D 列印提升戰時生產力
   ◦ 法案強調利用AI導向與增材製造技術縮短交付時間，提高武器供應彈性。
    
3. 加強印太與台海戰備因應中俄挑戰
   ◦ 隨中國與俄羅斯加速軍備，CRMN替美提升戰情突發下的備戰能力，也可支持台海附近部署。
    

House Proposes Reserve Manufacturing Network to Boost Wartime Arms Production Amid China-Russia Build-up

On June 12, 2025, the U.S. House Appropriations Committee advanced a draft FY26 defense bill that allocates $131 million to create a Commercial Reserve Manufacturing Network (CRMN). This initiative seeks to enlist high-tech commercial factories capable of rapid pivoting to weapons production during wartime  .

The network would certify firms able to switch from civilian goods—such as EV parts—to munitions and basic military equipment. The Defense Department must submit a plan within 30 days of the bill’s enactment. CRMN builds on precedents like the Air Force’s Civil Reserve Air Fleet, the Navy’s National Defense Reserve Fleet, and the Space Force’s new Commercial Augmentation Space Reserve  .

With China and Russia accelerating advanced weapons production, lawmakers warn current acquisition systems are too slow to meet wartime demands. The proposal emphasizes AI-driven additive manufacturing technologies to enhance responsiveness and quality  .

Michael Bloomberg, former Defense Innovation Board chair, advocated for similar measures in 2023. He noted a CRMN could establish a scalable defense production capacity, less reliant on global supply chains  .

🔍 Three Key Takeaways

1. Creating a Commercial-Wartime Manufacturing Bridge
    

   • CRMN will certify commercial factories to transition quickly to military production.

    

2. Leveraging AI and 3D Printing for Surge Readiness
    
   • The network aims to slash production timelines using advanced manufacturing technologies.

3. Strengthening Indo-Pacific and Taiwan Contingencies
    

   Enhanced surge capacity counters rapid PLA and Russian builds, potentially aiding Taiwan-focused deployments.