美國海岸警衛隊將建造半世紀以來首艘重型極地破冰船，強化北極戰略部署

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(PO3 Aidan Cooney/Coast Guard)

2025年5月9日，美國國土安全部批准了海岸警衛隊新型「極地安全破冰船」（Polar Security Cutter, PSC）的全面建造計劃，這將是美國近50年來首次建造的重型極地破冰船。

該艦將由博林格造船廠（Bollinger Shipyards）負責建造。 博林格公司總裁兼首席執行官本·博德隆（Ben Bordelon）表示，這一決定是對美國造船業的重大肯定，並展示了政府對該公司的信任。

目前，美國海岸警衛隊僅擁有一艘重型極地破冰船「極地星號」（USCGC Polar Star）和一艘中型破冰船「希利號」（USCGC Healy）。 然而，「希利號」於2024年7月因電氣火災停用，「極地星號」則已服役近50年。 為彌補破冰能力的不足，海岸警衛隊於2024年12月購買了一艘商用輕型破冰船，並命名為「斯托里斯號」（USCGC Storis），這是25年來首次新增的破冰船。

此次建造新型重型破冰船的決定，正值美國軍方觀察到北極地區外國海上活動增加，包括2024年夏季中俄聯合空中巡邏接近阿拉斯加。 為應對這一挑戰，特朗普總統於2025年4月9日簽署行政命令，呼籲制定新的北極海上安全戰略。

此外，國會正在審議一項和解法案，擬為海岸警衛隊船隻製造提供超過90億美元的資金，計劃建造多達30艘各類型的巡邏艦艇，包括3艘或更多的北極安全破冰船、2艘極地安全破冰船、8艘傳統級近海巡邏艦和最多15艘快速反應艦。

這些措施是海岸警衛隊「2028力量設計」（Force Design 2028）重組計劃的一部分，旨在全面更新和強化該部門的能力。

🔍 三個重要觀點

1. 重建破冰能力：美國近50年來首次建造重型極地破冰船，顯示出對北極地區戰略重要性的重新認識和投入。
2. 應對地緣政治挑戰：中俄在北極地區的活動增加促使美國加強其在該地區的軍事和海上存在，以維護國家安全利益。
3. 全面現代化改革：海岸警衛隊的「2028力量設計」計劃不僅包括艦艇建造，還涵蓋組織結構和航空能力的提升，標誌著該部門的全面現代化。

US Coast Guard to Build First Heavy Polar Icebreaker in Nearly 50 Years Amid Arctic Strategy Overhaul

On May 9, 2025, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security approved full production of a new Polar Security Cutter (PSC) for the U.S. Coast Guard, marking the nation’s first heavy polar icebreaker construction in approximately five decades.

The vessel will be built by Bollinger Shipyards. Ben Bordelon, president and CEO of Bollinger Shipyards, hailed the decision as a significant achievement for American shipbuilding, emphasizing the government’s confidence in their capabilities.

Currently, the U.S. Coast Guard operates only one heavy polar icebreaker, the USCGC Polar Star, and one medium polar icebreaker, the USCGC Healy. However, the Healy was sidelined due to an electrical fire in July 2024, and the Polar Star is nearly 50 years old. To address the shortage, the Coast Guard purchased a commercially available light polar icebreaker in December 2024, renaming it the USCGC Storis—the first addition to the fleet in 25 years.

The decision to build a new heavy polar icebreaker comes amid increased foreign maritime activity in the Arctic region, including a joint Chinese-Russian air patrol near Alaska in the summer of 2024. In response, President Donald Trump issued an executive order on April 9, 2025, calling for a new strategy to enhance maritime security in the Arctic.

Additionally, Congress is considering a reconciliation bill that would allocate over $9 billion for Coast Guard vessel manufacturing, potentially leading to the construction of up to 30 new cutters of various types, including three or more Arctic security cutters, two polar security cutters, eight heritage-class offshore patrol cutters, and up to 15 fast response cutters.

These initiatives are part of the Coast Guard’s “Force Design 2028” restructuring plan, aimed at modernizing and strengthening the service’s capabilities.

🔍 Three Key Points

1. Rebuilding Icebreaking Capability: The U.S. is constructing its first heavy polar icebreaker in nearly 50 years, reflecting renewed strategic focus on the Arctic region.
2. Responding to Geopolitical Challenges: Increased activities by China and Russia in the Arctic have prompted the U.S. to bolster its military and maritime presence to safeguard national interests.
3. Comprehensive Modernization Effort: The Coast Guard’s “Force Design 2028” plan encompasses not only vessel construction but also organizational restructuring and aviation capability enhancements, signaling a broad modernization initiative.

🗺️ 地理位置資訊

• 博林格造船廠（Bollinger Shipyards）：密西西比州帕斯卡古拉（Pascagoula, Mississippi, USA） 
   
  • 緯度（Latitude）：30.3658

  • 經度（Longitude）：-88.5561

     

🔖 熱門標籤（Hashtags）

#USCoastGuard #PolarSecurityCutter #ArcticStrategy #BollingerShipyards #MaritimeSecurity #ForceDesign2028 #Icebreaker #NationalDefense #Shipbuilding #ArcticOperations